Câmbio Real, Mercado de Trabalho e Crescimento Econômico na América Latina

  • Jeruza Haber Universidade Federal de Viçosa
  • Leonardo Bornacki de Mattos Universidade Federal de Viçosa
  • Luciano Dias de Carvalho Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Palavras-chave: Taxa de Câmbio Real, Mercado de Trabalho, Crescimento Econômico

Resumo

O objetivo do presente trabalho é analisar empiricamente a influência da taxa de câmbio real e do mercado de trabalho sobre o crescimento econômico dos países da América Latina no período 2000 a 2014. Para tanto, é estimado um modelo “System GMM” no qual a taxa de câmbio real e as diferenças na produtividade do trabalho, em uma economia dual, interagem entre si, de modo a definir distintas trajetórias de crescimento e distribuição funcional da renda. Os resultados mostraram que o crescimento populacional, o diferencial de salários médio e mínimo - proxy para o diferencial de produtividade - e a participação dos salários na renda influenciaram positivamente o crescimento das economias latino-americanas. Ademais, a desvalorização do câmbio real tem efeito significativo e distinto no tempo sobre o crescimento das economias latino americanas. Contemporaneamente, a influência é negativa mas, de forma defasada, esta é positiva (como preconiza a condição de Marshall-Lerner). Portanto, conclui-se que a taxa de câmbio real foi relevante para o crescimento econômico da América Latina no período em estudo.

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Publicado
2023-08-21
Como Citar
Haber, J., Bornacki de Mattos, L. ., & Dias de Carvalho, L. (2023). Câmbio Real, Mercado de Trabalho e Crescimento Econômico na América Latina. Brazilian Keynesian Review, 9(2), 303 - 327. https://doi.org/10.33834/bkr.v9i2.317
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Artigos